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51.
Elena Orban Gabriella Di Lena Teresina Nevigato Irene Casini Roberto Caproni Generoso Santaroni Giuliana Giulini 《Food chemistry》2007,101(3):1063-1070
Nutritional quality parameters (proximate and mineral composition, contents of glycogen, fatty acids, cholesterol, plant sterols, fat-soluble vitamins, carotenes) and ecophysiological and commercial quality indicators (Condition Index, percent content of meat and intervalvar fluid) of the striped venus clam, Chamelea gallina, from the central Adriatic coast of Italy were studied at seasonal intervals over a 1-year period. Contents of protein (8.55–10.7 g/100 g), total lipid (0.73–1.59 g/100 g), glycogen (2.25–4.96 g/100 g) and non-protein nitrogen (0.54–0.78 g/100 g) varied significantly during the year, reaching the highest values in winter, in coincidence with a peak of Condition Index. Gas chromatography of total lipids showed high percentages of n − 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (33.7–41.9% of total fatty acids), in particular eicosapentaenoic (8.16–20.0% of total fatty acids) and docosahexaenoic acids (12.5–20.3% of total fatty acids) and low levels of total n − 6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (3.61–7.87% of total fatty acids). HPLC analysis of the unsaponifiable lipids showed low levels of cholesterol, the dominant sterol (28.3–34.2 mg/ 100 g), and variable amounts of plant sterols (stigmasterol + campesterol, β-sitosterol, fucosterol + brassicasterol), α-tocopherol and carotenes. 相似文献
52.
Lucia Marseglia Gabriella D’Angelo Sara Manti Salvatore Aversa Teresa Arrigo Russel J. Reiter Eloisa Gitto 《International journal of molecular sciences》2015,16(1):1209-1220
Exogenous melatonin is used in a number of situations, first and foremost in the treatment of sleep disorders and jet leg. However, the hypnotic, antinociceptive, and anticonvulsant properties of melatonin endow this neurohormone with the profile of a drug that modulates effects of anesthetic agents, supporting its potential use at different stages during anesthetic procedures, in both adults and children. In light of these properties, melatonin has been administered to children undergoing diagnostic procedures requiring sedation or general anesthesia, such as magnetic resonance imaging, auditory brainstem response tests and electroencephalogram. Controversial data support the use of melatonin as anxiolytic and antinociceptive agents in pediatric patients undergoing surgery. The aim of this review was to evaluate available evidence relating to efficacy and safety of melatonin as an analgesic and as a sedative agent in children. Melatonin and its analogs may have a role in antinociceptive therapies and as an alternative to midazolam in premedication of adults and children, although its effectiveness is still controversial and available data are clearly incomplete. 相似文献
53.
54.
Renate C. Smallegange Yu Tong Qiu Gabriella Bukovinszkiné-Kiss Joop J. A. Van Loon Willem Takken 《Journal of chemical ecology》2009,35(8):933-943
The role of aliphatic carboxylic acids in host-seeking response of the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto was examined both in a dual-choice olfactometer and with indoor traps. A basic attractive blend of ammonia + lactic acid
served as internal standard odor. Single carboxylic acids were tested in a tripartite blend with ammonia + lactic acid. Four
different airflow stream rates (0.5, 5, 50, and 100 ml/min) carrying the compounds were tested for their effect on trap entry
response in the olfactometer. In the olfactometer, propanoic acid, butanoic acid, 3-methylbutanoic acid, pentanoic acid, heptanoic
acid, octanoic acid, and tetradecanoic acid increased attraction relative to the basic blend. While several carboxylic acids
were attractive only at one or two flow rates, tetradecanoic acid was attractive at all flow rates tested. Heptanoic acid
was attractive at the lowest flow rate (0.5 ml/min), but repellent at 5 and 50 ml/min. Mixing the air stream laden with these
7 carboxylic acids together with the headspace of the basic blend increased attraction in two quantitative compositions. Subtraction
of single acids from the most attractive blend revealed that 3-methylbutanoic acid had a negative effect on trap entry response.
In the absence of tetradecanoic acid, the blend was repellent. In assays with MM-X traps, both a blend of 7 carboxylic acids
+ ammonia + lactic acid (all applied from low density polyethylene-sachets) and a simple blend of ammonia + lactic acid +
tetradecanoic acid were attractive. The results show that carboxylic acids play an essential role in the host-seeking behavior
of An. gambiae, and that the contribution to blend attractiveness depends on the specific compound studied. 相似文献
55.
Carlo Arcelli Nadia Brancati Maria Frucci Giuliana Ramella Gabriella Sanniti di Baja 《Signal processing》2011,91(1):61-71
We present an interpolation algorithm for adaptive color image zooming. The algorithm produces the magnified image in one scan of the input image, and is fully automatic since does not involve any a priori fixed threshold. Given any integer zooming factor n, each pixel of the input image generates an n×n block of pixels in the zoomed image. For the currently visited pixel of the input image, the pixels of its associated block are first assigned tentative values, which are then adaptively updated before building the next block. The method is suggested for RGB images, but can equally be employed in other color spaces. Peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and Structural SIMilarity (SSIM) are used to evaluate the performance of the algorithm. 相似文献
56.
Isolation of red wine components with anti-adhesion and anti-biofilm activity against Streptococcus mutans 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Maria Daglia Monica Stauder Adele Papetti Caterina Signoretto Giovanni Giusto Pietro Canepari Carla Pruzzo Gabriella Gazzani 《Food chemistry》2010
Red wine is a widely consumed beverage with multiple beneficial effects on human health. In the present paper, the anticaries properties of red wine were studied in vitro and ex vivo. Our in vitro findings shows that dealcoholised red wine, besides exerting antibacterial activity, strongly interferes with Streptococcus mutans adhesion to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite (sHA) beads, promotes its detachment from sHA, and powerfully inhibits in vitro biofilm formation. The main components responsible for such activities were found to be proanthocyanidins. The ability of red wine to inhibit ex vivoS. mutans biofilm formation on the occlusal surface of natural human teeth also was demonstrated. 相似文献
57.
Carlo Ricciardi Giancarlo Canavese Riccardo Castagna Gabriella Digregorio Ivan Ferrante Simone L. Marasso Alessandro Ricci Valentina Alessandria Kalliopi Rantsiou Luca S. Cocolin 《Food and Bioprocess Technology》2010,3(6):956-960
The micro- and nano-technologies coupled with a deep knowledge of organic/inorganic interfaces guarantee an exceptional sensitivity
and specificity of the sensor, while the lab-on-a-chip platform reduces assay times and limits sampling and/or sample preparation,
providing compact and portable objects. Therefore, the development of innovative biosensors such as antibody-immobilized microcantilevers
can overcome the evident limits of nowadays technologies, such as time consuming, expensiveness, difficult automation, low
sensitivity, accuracy, and precision for quantitative methods. The present study proposes two device designs for the detection
of food pathogens, exploiting an antibody-immobilized microcantilever biosensors, a novel class of mass detectors. For the
first one, we integrated the mechanical sensors on a microfluidic platform (lab-on-a-chip) to perform online analysis, directly
in liquid environment. We showed that our portable biosensors could easily detect the presence of pathogenic bacteria such
as Salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis in concentration 105 cfu/mL in just 40 min, without any enrichment and/or sample preparation. To increase the mass sensitivity of our analysis,
we also fabricated microstructures optimized for vibrating in vacuum environment. Using a dip-and-dry technique, we showed
that, in such configuration, the experimental limit of detection is as low as 103 cfu/mL. Due to the extremely small volumes needed, our biosensors operating in vacuum have the potentiality of detecting
the presence or absence of a single cell. 相似文献
58.
Matteo Ageno Gabriella Bolzon Giulio Maier 《Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization》2009,38(3):229-243
A model calibration technique is considered for the estimation of material parameters in free-standing thin foils. The experimental
apparatus is inspired by bursting strength testers for paper, textile fabrics and polymer coatings such as geo-membranes.
The procedure referred to herein consists of the following phases. A controlled fluid pressure is applied to the foil specimen
placed on an horizontal plane with a suitably shaped hole. The induced out-of-plane displacements are measured by a laser
profilometer. The material parameters are then inferred from these measurements through inverse analysis, by simulation of
the test and minimisation of a suitable norm which defines the discrepancy between measured and computed displacements. Potentialities
and limitations of the proposed method are assessed on the basis of computer-generated “pseudo-experimental” data, where modelling
errors are ruled out. The identifiability of some industrially meaningful material parameters is established. 相似文献
59.
Antoine Doucet Gabriella Kazai Bodin Dresevic Aleksandar Uzelac Bogdan Radakovic Nikola Todic 《International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition》2011,14(1):45-52
This paper describes the setup of the Book Structure Extraction competition run at ICDAR 2009. The goal of the competition
was to evaluate and compare automatic techniques for deriving structure information from digitized books, which could then
be used to aid navigation inside the books. More specifically, the task that participants faced was to construct hyperlinked
tables of contents for a collection of 1,000 digitized books. This paper describes the setup of the competition and its challenges.
It introduces and discusses the book collection used in the task, the collaborative construction of the ground truth, the
evaluation measures, and the evaluation results. The paper also introduces a data set to be used freely for research evaluation
purposes. 相似文献
60.
Serena Tolin Gabriella PasiniAndrea Curioni Giorgio Arrigoni Antonio MasiFederica Mainente Barbara Simonato 《Food Control》2012,23(1):87-94
The need of label declaration for egg proteins is temporarily suspended when they are used as a processing aid in winemaking, because of a lack of scientific data concerning their actual permanence as residual proteins in fined wines.The possibility to detect residual egg proteins in red wines treated with a commercial egg white preparation was studied. By using an immunochemical method residual egg proteins were detected in the experimental red wines only for doses of fining agent of 50 g/hL or higher, whereas no residual proteins were detected by this system in a commercial red wine.A simple method based on the recovery and identification of the wine fining proteins by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem MS (LC-MS/MS) in a gel-free approach was developed. This allowed the detection of egg proteins in red wines fined down to 5 g/hL of commercial egg white preparation and also in the commercial red wine. These results indicate that the analytical approach here suggested is superior to the immunochemical methods in detecting egg proteins in wines. Therefore hypersensitivity reactions after consumption of wines treated with egg proteins can be a real risk for egg-allergic people. 相似文献